The TIPS method helps decrease portal pressures by directing blood away from the liver, which decompresses and controls variceal bleeding. 3 The endovascular treatment options for GVs are mainly transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) and transcatheter obliteration of the GVs. 1,2 As per the American Association for the Study of Liver Disease (AASLD), the initial management of choice remains endoscopic management, with endovascular treatment reserved for refractory cases. This is due to severe blood loss, which results from higher rates of rebleeding and bleeding onset at lower pressures than EV, which are often more difficult to control using traditional endoscopic techniques. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to gastric varices (GV) in patients with portal hypertension resulting from cirrhosis occurs less frequently than esophageal varices (EVs) but is associated with higher morbidity and mortality rates. ![]() Understanding the complex anatomy of a variceal complex is of paramount importance to achieving both high technical and clinical success in treating GVs.Transvenous obliteration techniques are an important tool in the management of bleeding GVs with ever-evolving modifications.Upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to gastric varices (GVs) is less common than esophageal varices but is associated with higher morbidity and mortality.
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